Medieval & Renaissance Manuscripts

Il fior di battaglia / Fiore dei Liberi
Italy, Venice, early 15th century
MS M.383 fol. 9r

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Pairs of combatants:
1)Scene, Sports and Games: Combat -- At upper left, master, crowned, holds spear with both hands, looking toward back-turned pupil raising spear with both hands, aimed back over left shoulder toward the master.
2)Scene, Sports and Games: Combat -- At upper right, master, crowned, backturned, holds with both hands, spear pointed downward, opposite back-turned pupil raising spear with both hands, aimed back over left shoulder toward the master.
3)Scene, Sports and Games: Combat -- At lower left, master, crowned, facing frontward, raises spear with both hands, aimed right, to point of spear held by back-turned pupil raising the spear with both hands, aiming it back over left shoulder
4)Scene, Sports and Games: Combat -- At lower right, pupil, wearing garter, raises spear with both hands, aiming it at head of second pupil opposite, raising spear with both hands aiming it at head of first pupil.