Medieval & Renaissance Manuscripts

Book of Hours
France, Paris, 1485-1500
MS M.195 fol. 110v

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Miniature:
Crucifixion, Three Crosses -- Christ, rays as cross nimbus, with crown of thorns, wearing short loincloth, His wounds bleeding, is affixed with three nails to cross with titulus INRI. He is flanked by sun and moon and by two thieves, their arms over crossbeam. The thief on right looks up; thief on left looks down. At left are partially visible figure, Evangelist John, nimbed, touching with left hand, Virgin Mary, nimbed and veiled, with joined hands. At right are soldier holding spear or pole, man wearing hat holding shield, (Longinus and Stephaton ?) and partially visible soldier.
Scene in landscape with city is in background.
Lower Margin:
Pilate: washing Hands -- Pilate, wearing hat, seated on throne on platform, holds hands above basin as servant pours water from a pitcher over them. Christ, with crown of thorns, wearing purple robe, His hands bound in front stands before Pilate. Christ is flanked by man holding hat with right hand and Christ with left hand, and by soldier, holding shoulder of Christ with right hand and rod with left hand.