Medieval & Renaissance Manuscripts

Book of Hours
France, Paris, between 1471 and 1485
MS M.815 fol. 33r

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Saints, Hierarchy -- Numerous nimbed saints standing in rows, including two mitered bishops; monks; abbot; cardinal; pope wearing triple-crown papal tiara; and specific saints identifiable by their attributes, including apostle Peter, tonsured, holding key; Stephen Protomartyr, tonsured, with stone in his head; apostle Andrew, holding saltire cross; Evangelist John; Apollonia of Alexandria, holding tooth in pincers; Catherine of Alexandria, with wheel and sword; Margaret of Antioch, holding cross in joined raised hands; and Barbara of Nicomedia, holding small tower in right hand.
Margins with floreate and scroll ornament, inhabited in right margin by crane, grasping fly in its beak; and in lower margin by bird and boar, running toward trees.